【定语从句只能用that的情况口诀】在英语语法中,定语从句是常见的知识点之一,而“that”作为关系代词的使用规则常常让学习者感到困惑。尤其是在某些特定情况下,只能使用“that”,而不能使用“which”或“who/whom”。为了帮助大家更好地记忆这些规则,这里总结了一个简洁的口诀,并配合表格进行说明。
一、口诀记忆
“that”只在以下情况用,不可替代别混淆:
先行词是物又不指人,所有格或单数名词前;
强调句型和疑问句,还有“the only”和“the same”里边。”
二、详细解释与表格对照
| 情况 | 使用“that”的原因 | 举例 |
| 1. 先行词是“物”且不指人 | “which”通常用于指人或物,但“that”更通用,尤其在口语中常用 | The book that I bought is very interesting. |
| 2. 先行词是“all, everything, nothing, something, anything”等不定代词 | 这类词后只能用“that” | I have told that to everyone. |
| 3. 先行词是“the only, the same, the last, the first”等限定性词 | 强调唯一性或同一性时,用“that”更准确 | She is the only one that can do it. |
| 4. 先行词是“one, the one, someone, nobody”等 | 这些词后面一般用“that”引导定语从句 | This is the one that I want. |
| 5. 在强调句型中 | 强调句型中必须用“that”来引导 | It is the teacher that helped me. |
| 6. 当先行词是“the way”且在从句中作状语 | 此时“that”可省略,但也可保留 | This is the way that we did it. |
| 7. 当从句中有“or not”时 | “that”比“which”更自然 | Do you know the answer that he gave? |
三、注意事项
- “that”在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语,但不能作介词的宾语。
- “which”通常用于非限制性定语从句,而“that”用于限制性定语从句。
- 在正式写作中,“that”和“which”的区别更为明显,但在日常口语中有时会被混用。
通过以上口诀和表格,可以帮助你快速掌握“定语从句中只能用that”的常见情况。建议多做练习题来巩固记忆,避免在实际应用中出错。
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